Calculate the speed needed to escape gravity
Escape velocity is derived from energy conservation: kinetic energy must equal gravitational potential energy. ½mv² = GMm/r → v = √(2GM/r).
| Body | Escape Velocity | Orbital Velocity | Surface Gravity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sun | 617.5 km/s | 436.7 km/s | 274 m/s² (28 g) |
| Mercury | 4.25 km/s | 3.0 km/s | 3.7 m/s² (0.38 g) |
| Venus | 10.36 km/s | 7.3 km/s | 8.87 m/s² (0.9 g) |
| Earth | 11.19 km/s | 7.9 km/s | 9.81 m/s² (1 g) |
| Moon | 2.38 km/s | 1.68 km/s | 1.62 m/s² (0.165 g) |
| Mars | 5.03 km/s | 3.55 km/s | 3.71 m/s² (0.38 g) |
| Jupiter | 59.5 km/s | 42.1 km/s | 24.79 m/s² (2.53 g) |
| Saturn | 35.5 km/s | 25.1 km/s | 10.44 m/s² (1.06 g) |
| Uranus | 21.3 km/s | 15.1 km/s | 8.69 m/s² (0.89 g) |
| Neptune | 23.5 km/s | 16.6 km/s | 11.15 m/s² (1.14 g) |